ESA admitted difficulty during ground tests " to accurately determine the Vulcain's roll torque ."
2.
This balances the roll torque about the wheel contact patches generated by centrifugal force due to the turn with that of the gravitational force.
3.
The RoCS modules, placed on opposite sides of the outer skin of the Upper Stage Simulator, used hypergolic right angles to the roll axis in order to provide a controlling roll torque.
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